Posted inGastroenterology General Surgery news
腹腔鏡と開腹手術による小腸閉塞癒着剥離の長期転帰：LASSO無作為化臨床試験
小腸閉塞手術における腹腔鏡アプローチは短期回復が早いが、5年間の追跡調査では再発率、ヘルニア発生率、QOLにおいて開腹手術と同等の結果を示した。術式選択は患者個別の要因に基づくべきである。
Posted inGastroenterology Nephrology news
OCE-205 Signals a Potential New Direction for Hepatorenal Syndrome-AKI, with Tolerability at the Center
In a phase 2 randomized trial, OCE-205 improved HRS-AKI in more patients than placebo and showed no excess ischemic or respiratory toxicity, but the study was underpowered after early termination.
Posted inGastroenterology news
A Blood-Based Extracellular Vesicle RNA Signature May Offer a New Way to Diagnose Chronic Pancreatitis
A five-RNA extracellular vesicle signature showed strong diagnostic performance for chronic pancreatitis and may also reflect acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and disease-related metabolic features.
Posted inGastroenterology General Surgery news
Delayed Surgery in Bowel Obstruction: A Hidden Driver of Mortality and Recurrence in France
A nationwide French study reveals that surgical delay beyond 9 days triples early mortality risk compared to immediate surgery. While non-operative management carries higher long-term recurrence, timely laparoscopic intervention offers the best outcomes for adhesive small bowel obstruction.
Posted inGastroenterology news Oncology
Perioperative Nivolumab Combined with Irreversible Electroporation Shows Antitumoral Effect in High-Risk BCLC A Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Results from the NIVOLEP Phase 2 Trial
The NIVOLEP phase 2 trial demonstrates that perioperative nivolumab (neoadjuvant and adjuvant) combined with irreversible electroporation achieves 70.6% one-year local recurrence-free survival in BCLC A HCC patients with high recurrence risk. Pathological response correlated with immune activation pathways, suggesting synergistic effects between immunotherapy and ablation.
Posted inGastroenterology news
Portal Tryptophan Depletion Drives Hyper-Reactive Neutrophils in Alcoholic Liver Disease: Insights from a Prospective TIPS Study
A prospective study reveals that decreased tryptophan levels in portal circulation induce neutrophil hyperactivation in alcoholic liver disease. In vitro supplementation with tryptophan ameliorated neutrophil activation, identifying the gut-liver metabolic crosstalk as a potential therapeutic target for mitigating neutrophil-driven liver injury.
Posted inGastroenterology news
Kissing and Celiac Disease: New Evidence That Simple Precautions Effectively Minimize Gluten Transfer Risk
A prospective study in Gastroenterology examined gluten transfer through kissing in celiac-discordant couples. Researchers found that while low-level gluten is detectable in saliva, the risk of clinically significant transfer is minimal. A simple intervention—drinking 4 oz of water before kissing—effectively eliminates detectable gluten, offering practical guidance for patients managing celiac disease.
Posted inClinical Updates Gastroenterology news
Redefining Gluten Thresholds in Celiac Disease: The Role of Interleukin-2 as a Biomarker for Immune Activation
This review synthesizes recent clinical evidence establishing Interleukin-2 as the primary biomarker for acute gluten exposure in celiac disease, revealing that immune activation occurs at doses significantly lower than currently used in food-labeling standards.
Posted inGastroenterology Hematology-Oncology news
New EHR-Based Model PRIME Achieves 0.75 AUC in Predicting Pancreatic Cancer Risk Across 11 Million Patients
Researchers developed PRIME, a parsimonious risk stratification model for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using electronic health record data. Validated across US health systems and the UK Biobank, PRIME retained 19 predictors and achieved strong discrimination, enabling targeted early detection in high-risk populations.
Why Hepatitis E Remains a Silent Threat in Transplant Recipients: Key Insights from Two Decades of Data
A 20-year retrospective study of 6,452 solid organ transplant patients reveals hepatitis E infection rates of 3.5%, with chronicity rates exceeding 65%. The findings highlight the critical importance of HEV screening and the effectiveness of extended ribavirin therapy in achieving viral clearance.
Posted inGastroenterology news Oncology
The Gut-Liver Axis Unveiled: How Microbiome Signatures Track Disease Progression from Fatty Liver to Cancer
A landmark multicohort study of 1,168 individuals reveals that gut microbiome diversity systematically declines across liver disease stages, with specific bacterial markers like Veillonella and functional metabolic shifts predicting disease progression and mortality risk.
Posted inClinical Updates Gastroenterology news
The Unfinished Agenda in Helicobacter pylori Treatment: Resistance, Microbiome Effects, and Future Directions
This review synthesizes the evolving landscape of H. pylori management, highlighting the rise of P-CAB-based therapies, the impact of antibiotic resistance on global eradication strategies, and the expanding recognition of extragastric disease associations.
Posted inGastroenterology Hematology-Oncology news
Enterococcus faecalis Drives MHC-II Expression in Intestinal Epithelium: A Novel Mechanism Linking Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis to Lethal Graft-versus-Host Disease
Research reveals that Enterococcus faecalis colonization induces MHC-II expression in intestinal epithelial cells during graft-versus-host disease, with a lantibiotic-producing Blautia producta strain demonstrating potential to restore colonization resistance and improve survival outcomes.
Posted inClinical Updates Gastroenterology news
Validating the Virtual Biopsy: Noninvasive Surrogate Endpoints for Disease Progression and Treatment Efficacy in MASH
This review synthesizes the evolving landscape of noninvasive tests (NITs) in MASH, detailing their role as surrogate endpoints for adverse outcomes and therapeutic response based on recent clinical trials and meta-analyses.
Posted inGastroenterology news Oncology
Novel Fusion Model Combines Hypoxia and Immune Signatures to Predict Survival in HCC Patients Undergoing TACE Therapy
A groundbreaking multicentre study develops a clinical-radiologic model integrating hypoxia and immune phenotype signatures to accurately predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with transarterial chemoembolisation, potentially transforming personalised treatment strategies.
Posted inGastroenterology news
Beyond Pathology: DNA/RNA Sequencing Achieves Near-Double Sensitivity in Detecting Bile Duct Cancer
A landmark six-year study involving over 2,000 patients at 28 institutions demonstrates that next-generation sequencing of ERCP-obtained specimens achieves 82% sensitivity for neoplastic bile duct strictures, nearly doubling traditional pathology's 44% sensitivity while maintaining 98% specificity.
Posted inCardiology Gastroenterology news
Beyond the Backpressure: Targeting the Integrin αV-YAP-CTGF Axis to Halt Fibrosis in Congestive Hepatopathy
This study identifies the integrin αV-YAP-CTGF axis in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells as a primary driver of fibrosis and carcinogenesis in congestive hepatopathy. By targeting this mechanosensitive pathway, researchers demonstrated a significant reduction in portal hypertension and liver damage in both murine models and human clinical samples.
Posted inCardiology Gastroenterology news
Targeting the Integrin αV-YAP-CTGF Axis: A New Frontier in Treating Congestive Hepatopathy and Liver Carcinogenesis
Researchers have identified a mechanosensitive signaling pathway in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells that drives fibrosis and cancer in response to chronic congestion, offering a new therapeutic target for heart-failure-related liver disease.
Posted inCardiology Gastroenterology news
From Pressure to Cancer: Unveiling the Integrin αV-YAP-CTGF Axis as a Therapeutic Target in Congestive Hepatopathy
Researchers have identified a novel signaling pathway in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) that drives fibrosis and liver cancer in congestive hepatopathy. The study highlights the Integrin αV-YAP-CTGF axis as a critical mechanism and potential therapeutic target for patients with chronic hepatic congestion.
Posted inGastroenterology news Oncology
Spatial Profiling of Resistance Mechanisms in HER2-Positive Gastric Cancer: Insights from Patient-Matched Analysis
This report examines spatial transcriptomic data from HER2+ gastric cancer patients to identify resistance mechanisms to trastuzumab and T-DXd, including EMT and ERAD pathway activation.