Posted innews Oncology Plastic Surgery
Venous Drainage Integrity as a Crucial Factor in Preventing Nipple-Areolar Complex Necrosis Post Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: Insights from Cadaveric and Clinical Studies
This study reveals that venous injury significantly contributes to nipple-areolar complex necrosis after nipple-sparing mastectomy and presents a predictive model integrating near-infrared vein imaging with indocyanine green angiography to optimize surgical outcomes.



















