Anesthesiology – Medxy AI

A New Bedside Twist on Passive Leg Raising: PPV Change Predicts Fluid Responsiveness During Pressure Support Ventilation

By MedXY 06/15/2026

In PSV patients, passive leg raising–induced PPV change predicted preload responsiveness, especially when inspiratory effort was low by P0.1.

Anesthesiology Clinical Updates news OB/GYN & Women's Health

Optimizing Postpartum Pain Management: Addressing Hospital Variation in Opioid Prescribing Following Vaginal Birth and Associated Procedures

By MedXY 06/04/2026

This review analyzes significant inter-hospital variations in opioid prescribing for vaginal births with complications, highlighting the need for standardized postdischarge pain management protocols to reduce unnecessary opioid exposure.

Anesthesiology General Surgery news

What the New Thyroid Surgery Consensus Means for Same-Day Care

By MedXY 05/31/2026

The American Thyroid Association’s updated consensus refines who can safely undergo outpatient thyroid surgery and what teams must do before, during, and after the operation to reduce complications.

Anesthesiology news Ophthalmology

Anesthesia-Related Neurologic Risk in Patients of Venezuelan Descent: Implications for Ophthalmology

By MedXY 05/21/2026

A rare, severe neurologic complication has been linked to general anesthesia in patients of maternal Venezuelan descent. Ophthalmologists should screen for ancestry and family history, involve anesthesiology early, and consider genetic evaluation before elective surgery.

Anesthesiology news Public Health

Geographic Disparities in Opioid Prescribing Patterns for Toothache Pain in the United States

By MedXY 04/27/2026

A national study reveals significant state-level and urban-rural variations in opioid prescribing following toothache diagnoses, with 15 states exceeding the national average and rural areas showing slightly lower prescription rates.

Anesthesiology news Otorhinolaryngology

RAI Outperforms mFI-5 in Predicting Post-UPPP Complications: A Frailty Stratification Breakthrough

By MedXY 04/23/2026

The Risk Analysis Index (RAI) significantly outperforms the modified frailty index-5 (mFI-5) in predicting mortality and major complications after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, supporting its adoption for preoperative risk assessment in sleep surgery.

Anesthesiology Critical Care news

Remimazolam Besylate Matches Propofol for Short-Term ICU Sedation: The SHOSREB Trial

By MedXY 04/13/2026

The SHOSREB trial demonstrates that remimazolam besylate is non-inferior to propofol for short-term light sedation in mechanically ventilated ICU patients, with both agents achieving 97.5% successful sedation rates and comparable time within target RASS scores.

Anesthesiology Neurology news

The Hidden Driver of Chronic Pain: How Macrophages Fuel Neuropathic Symptoms

By MedXY 03/27/2026

Researchers using human stem cell models have discovered that macrophages actively amplify the electrical signals of damaged nerves, driving the spontaneous pain characteristic of neuropathy, offering a new target for non-opioid pain relief.

Anesthesiology General Surgery news

Wearable TEAS Outperforms Metoclopramide in Managing Moderate to Severe Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

By MedXY 03/23/2026

A randomized clinical trial demonstrates that wearable Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation (TEAS) provides superior 2-hour remission and significantly lower 24-hour relapse rates compared to intravenous metoclopramide for moderate to severe PONV in high-risk surgical patients.

Anesthesiology Neurology news

Neuro-Immune Crosstalk: Macrophages Directly Amplify Spontaneous Activity in Damaged Human Sensory Neurons

By MedXY 03/22/2026

A groundbreaking human iPSC-derived co-culture study reveals that macrophages respond to neuronal injury by adopting a pro-algesic state, directly intensifying spontaneous neuronal firing—a key driver of chronic neuropathic pain and a novel target for future analgesics.

Anesthesiology news

Epidural Anesthesia Outperforms IV Remifentanil in External Cephalic Version: Results from a Large-Scale Cohort Study

By MedXY 03/13/2026

A large prospective cohort study reveals that epidural anesthesia significantly increases the success rate of external cephalic version (70.0%) and subsequent vaginal delivery (72.2%) compared to intravenous remifentanil, despite a higher incidence of manageable procedural complications.

Anesthesiology news Orthopedics

Precision Medicine Fails to Improve Postoperative Pain: Insights from the CYP2D6-Guided Opioid Trial

By MedXY 02/23/2026

A randomized clinical trial demonstrates that while CYP2D6 genotyping significantly shifts opioid prescribing patterns for poor and intermediate metabolizers, it does not improve pain control or reduce opioid consumption within the context of modern multimodal postoperative care.

Anesthesiology General Surgery news

High-Risk Surgery Significantly Impairs Restorative Sleep: A Wearable Technology Analysis

By MedXY 02/05/2026

This cohort study demonstrates that postoperative sleep architecture is differentially disrupted based on surgical risk. High-risk procedures cause prolonged deficits in REM and deep sleep, which are associated with increased complications, suggesting that sleep monitoring could be a vital component of postoperative care.

Anesthesiology General Surgery news

Wearable TEAS Device Outperforms Metoclopramide for Moderate to Severe Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

By MedXY 01/31/2026

A randomized clinical trial demonstrates that wearable transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) provides superior symptom relief and significantly lower relapse rates compared to intravenous metoclopramide in managing moderate to severe postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Anesthesiology news Otorhinolaryngology

Optimizing the Surgical Field: Diltiazem and Esmolol Excel in Controlled Hypotension for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

By MedXY 01/30/2026

This systematic review and network meta-analysis of 52 randomized trials evaluates pharmacological agents for controlled hypotension in ESS, identifying diltiazem, esmolol, and dexmedetomidine as the most effective for reducing intraoperative bleeding and improving surgical visualization.

Anesthesiology Diabetes & Endocrinology news

Preemptive Magnesium Sulfate Infusion Significantly Stabilizes Hemodynamics During Pheochromocytoma Resection

By MedXY 01/19/2026

A randomized, double-blind trial confirms that preemptive magnesium sulfate reduces intraoperative hemodynamic instability by nearly 50% in patients undergoing pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma resection, providing a safe and effective adjunct to standard anesthetic protocols.

Anesthesiology news Plastic Surgery

Combined Fascial Plane Blocks Fail to Superiorize Paravertebral Block in Mastectomy: Results from a 1,507-Patient Cluster-Randomized Trial

By MedXY 01/19/2026

A large-scale cluster-randomized trial involving 1,507 patients demonstrated that adding PECS I blocks to paravertebral or serratus anterior plane blocks does not reduce postoperative opioid use or improve recovery compared to paravertebral block alone in mastectomy with reconstruction.

Anesthesiology General Surgery news

Risk-Stratified Proactive Blood Pressure Management Fails to Improve Long-Term Functional Recovery After Noncardiac Surgery: Insights from the PRETREAT Trial

By MedXY 01/16/2026

The PRETREAT randomized clinical trial demonstrates that proactive, risk-stratified intraoperative blood pressure targets do not reduce six-month functional disability compared to standard care in noncardiac surgery patients, suggesting that higher MAP targets may not translate into long-term functional benefits.

Anesthesiology news Pediatrics

40-Hz Light Stimulation Significantly Reduces Emergence Delirium in Children Following Sevoflurane Anesthesia

By MedXY 01/16/2026

A randomized clinical trial published in JAMA Pediatrics demonstrates that 40-Hz light stimulation via VR glasses significantly lowers the incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients, providing a novel, nonpharmacologic approach to improving postoperative recovery.

Anesthesiology news Respiratory

High PEEP and Recruitment Manoeuvres Fail to Reduce Pulmonary Complications in One-Lung Ventilation: Insights from the PROTHOR Trial

By MedXY 01/14/2026

The international PROTHOR trial reveals that using higher PEEP and recruitment manoeuvres during one-lung ventilation does not decrease postoperative pulmonary complications compared to a lower PEEP strategy, while notably increasing intraoperative hemodynamic risks like hypotension and arrhythmias.