Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Pathology-Driven Epithelial Sulfide Loss Reprograms the Redox Proteome and Triggers Barrett’s Esophagus

By MedXY 06/05/2026

A study shows that reflux-related sulfide loss rewires esophageal redox proteins, increases PGE2 signaling, and helps drive Barrett’s esophagus, revealing a new potential therapeutic target.

Neurology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

New Genetic Modifiers in Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease Link Aβ, Tau, TDP-43, and Vascular Biology to Clinical Variability

By MedXY 06/03/2026

A genome-wide association study identified CNIH4, CCNG1, and RHOJ as genetic modifiers of autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease, with associations spanning disease risk, age at onset, fluid biomarkers, and neuroimaging phenotypes.

Hematology-Oncology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Early High-Resolution Immune Profiles Are Linked to Survival and Relapse After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

By MedXY 06/02/2026

Early immune profiling after allogeneic stem cell transplant was linked to survival and relapse risk. Stronger innate and adaptive immune recovery predicted better outcomes, while certain activation and checkpoint markers were associated with worse survival.

Hematology-Oncology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Next-Generation Sequencing MRD Detection Predicts Outcomes in AML Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

By MedXY 05/30/2026

A low-cost NGS-based MRD test detected hidden AML cells before transplant and strongly predicted worse survival after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Hematology-Oncology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Regulatory-like FOXP3+Helios+CD4+ T Conventional Cells Correlate with T-Cell Activation After Orca-T Immunotherapy

By MedXY 05/29/2026

A study of leukemia patients found that Orca-T transplant therapy increases a regulatory-like CD4+FOXP3+Helios+ T-cell subset early after treatment, and this subset correlates with later T-cell activation, offering a potential biomarker for immune recovery.

Hematology-Oncology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Elevated Von Willebrand Factor and Factor VIII Show Promise as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease

By MedXY 05/27/2026

In a prospective cohort, VWF and FVIII were significantly elevated in chronic graft-versus-host disease, tracked with disease activity, and showed moderate diagnostic performance for early cGvHD.

Hematology-Oncology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Self-Reinforcing IL-1β Signaling Accelerates TCF3::HLF-Positive B-ALL Development and Relapse

By MedXY 05/27/2026

Researchers found that IL-1β signaling drives growth, relapse, and bone damage in TCF3::HLF-positive B-ALL, suggesting IL-1β blockade may offer a new treatment strategy.

news Oncology Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Molecular and Spatial Differences in the Tumor Microenvironment of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer With Short vs Long-Term Survival

By MedXY 05/26/2026

This study found that advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancers from short-term survivors had more fibroblasts and stromal invasion signals, while tumors from long-term survivors showed stronger immune pathways, suggesting the tumor microenvironment may shape survival outcomes.

Cardiology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Circulating MicroRNA Scores May Distinguish Cellular and Antibody-Mediated Heart Transplant Rejection With High Accuracy

By MedXY 05/26/2026

A prospective multicenter study found circulating microRNA rejection scores identified ACR and AMR with strong diagnostic performance and prognostic value, supporting their development as noninvasive tools to reduce reliance on surveillance biopsy after heart transplantation.

news Ophthalmology Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Small Copy Number-Neutral Intrachromosomal Translocation of PAX6 and Aniridia

By MedXY 05/21/2026

Optical genome mapping and long-read sequencing uncovered a tiny balanced rearrangement that separated PAX6 from its control region, explaining classic aniridia after prior testing was negative.

news Oncology Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Body Mass Index and Nutritional Status With Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Cancer

By MedXY 05/20/2026

In advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, pretreatment weight loss and low prognostic nutritional index were linked to shorter progression-free survival after immunotherapy, while baseline BMI was not predictive.

news OB/GYN & Women’s Health Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Microbial and Metabolic Correlates of Endometrial Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Translational Study

By MedXY 05/20/2026

This study links PCOS-related miscarriage risk to gut microbiome changes, especially reduced Parabacteroides merdae and higher isoleucine, which may promote endometrial senescence and impair pregnancy outcomes.

news Oncology Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

TSH Stimulation Methods Show Comparable Outcomes in Radioiodine-Avid Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

By MedXY 05/16/2026

In radioiodine-avid metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer, rhTSH and mixed rhTSH/thyroid hormone withdrawal preparation produced comparable adjusted outcomes. Prognosis was driven mainly by metastatic burden and age, supporting individualized treatment selection.

news Oncology Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Safety of Biopsy in Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: What a Global Study Found

By MedXY 05/15/2026

This international study found that biopsy of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma had low mortality and low serious complication rates, suggesting biopsy may be reasonable in carefully selected patients with expert management.

Hematology-Oncology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Early ctDNA MRD After Two Cycles Identifies Distinct Relapse Risk Groups in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma

By MedXY 05/14/2026

In the GHSG HD21 trial, a validated ctDNA assay showed that MRD positivity after two treatment cycles strongly predicted inferior progression-free survival and improved early risk stratification, especially when combined with interim PET.

Cardiology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Why the cTnI/cTnT Ratio May Matter: A New Signal for Distinguishing Acute Necrotic From Chronic Myocardial Injury

By MedXY 05/12/2026

A large multicohort and experimental study suggests the cTnI/cTnT ratio is biologically informative, separates acute from chronic myocardial injury, and modestly improves type 1 versus type 2 MI discrimination.

Hematology-Oncology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

TP53 Multihit Does Not Fully Erase the Prognostic Advantage of Isolated del(5q) in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms

By MedXY 05/09/2026

A multicenter retrospective study suggests that MDS with isolated del(5q) and TP53 multihit alterations has substantially better survival than other low-blast TP53-multihit MDS, challenging how this subgroup should be classified.

Gastroenterology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

A Simple Five-Variable Index Helps Identify Excess Alcohol Use in Steatotic Liver Disease When PEth Testing Is Not Readily Available

By MedXY 05/07/2026

A new five-component biomarker panel, MAPI, showed consistent AUROC performance of about 0.75 for detecting MetALD-ALD and may help triage confirmatory PEth testing in steatotic liver disease.

Hematology-Oncology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

MRD Does Not Consistently Predict PFS Across Modern CLL Trials: Why Surrogacy Depends on Therapy, Duration, and Sample Source

By MedXY 05/04/2026

A large meta-analysis shows MRD strongly predicts outcomes for individual patients with CLL, but is an inconsistent trial-level surrogate for progression-free survival, particularly with BTK inhibitor and venetoclax-based regimens.

Diabetes & Endocrinology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Urinary Free Cortisol Thresholds Sharpen the Differential Diagnosis of ACTH-Dependent Cushing’s Syndrome

By MedXY 05/03/2026

A Spanish multicenter validation study shows that urinary free cortisol expressed as multiples of the upper limit of normal can meaningfully stratify the likelihood of ectopic ACTH secretion versus Cushing’s disease.