Specialties – Page 21

Systematic V2 Vagal Stimulation Improves Detection of Post-Thyroidectomy Vocal Cord Dysfunction and May Better Guide Staged Surgery

By MedXY 05/13/2026

A 2026 cross-sectional study suggests that routine postdissection vagal stimulation during thyroidectomy detects recurrent laryngeal nerve dysfunction more sensitively than RLN stimulation alone and may reduce the risk of bilateral vocal cord palsy.

AI General Surgery news

ChatGPT Assigned Different Traits to “Great Surgeons” by Race, Gender, and Sexual Orientation, Exposing Stereotypes Relevant to Academic Surgery

By MedXY 05/13/2026

A qualitative study found that ChatGPT 3.5 described “great surgeons” differently by demographic identity, echoing stereotypes that may shape evaluations, leadership perceptions, and inclusion in surgery.

news Public Health

How Historical Redlining and Modern Housing Discrimination Fuel Firearm Violence in Chicago

By MedXY 05/13/2026

A Chicago study found that historical redlining and current housing discrimination are both linked to higher firearm homicide rates in Black neighborhoods, highlighting housing justice as a key violence-prevention strategy.

news OB/GYN & Women’s Health Oncology

Family History Misses Actionable Germline Variants in Many Ovarian Cancer Patients Over 70

By MedXY 05/13/2026

A large real-world registry study shows that ovarian cancer patients aged 70 and older still carry clinically actionable germline variants, often without a reported family history, supporting broader age-inclusive genetic testing.

news OB/GYN & Women’s Health Public Health

Menopausal Hot Flushes and Night Sweats May Be Linked to Retirement: What an Australian Study Found

By MedXY 05/13/2026

A large Australian longitudinal study found that women with both hot flushes and night sweats had slightly higher odds of retirement, suggesting menopausal symptom burden may influence workforce participation.

Clinical Updates news OB/GYN & Women's Health

Optimizing the Second Stage of Labor: The Interplay of Parity, Fetal Position, and Epidural Analgesia on Spontaneous Delivery Success

By MedXY 05/13/2026

This review synthesizes contemporary evidence on the duration of active pushing, highlighting how epidural use, fetal malposition, and parity influence the probability of spontaneous delivery and maternal-neonatal outcomes.

Gastroenterology news Radiology

Non-contrast abbreviated MRI shows superior accuracy to ultrasound for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in cirrhosis: interim prospective trial results

By MedXY 05/13/2026

A prospective trial found that non-contrast abbreviated MRI detected hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients far better than ultrasound, with most MRI-detected tumors found at an early, potentially curable stage.

Gastroenterology Neurology news

Sham-Controlled Trial Finds Translumbosacral Neuromodulation May Reduce Fecal Incontinence

By MedXY 05/13/2026

In a sham-controlled trial, translumbosacral neuromodulation with 2400 or 3600 magnetic pulses reduced fecal incontinence episodes, improved severity scores and quality of life, and was well tolerated, with the higher dose showing the strongest benefit.

Neurology news Radiology

Systemic Cardiovascular Factors and Outcomes in Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Insights From the CONDOR Registry

By MedXY 05/13/2026

A large international registry study found that hemorrhage in dural arteriovenous fistulas is driven mainly by venous anatomy and lesion grade, not most cardiovascular comorbidities. Surgery was most associated with angiographic cure, and baseline neurological status best predicted 90-day recovery.

Neurology news Public Health

Cerebral “Dirty-Appearing” White Matter and Its Link to Cognitive Decline and Dementia Risk

By MedXY 05/13/2026

In older adults with limited small vessel disease, “dirty-appearing” white matter on MRI was not linked to baseline cognition, cognitive decline, or dementia risk, unlike conventional white matter hyperintensities.

Neurology news

Treatment Discontinuation in Patients With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease

By MedXY 05/13/2026

In adults with MOGAD, stopping maintenance therapy was associated with a low 1-year relapse risk, especially after longer treatment and a longer relapse-free interval. The findings support individualized decisions and close follow-up after discontinuation.

Emergency Medicine Neurology news

DISTAL at 12 Months: No Functional or Survival Advantage for Endovascular Therapy in Mild-to-Moderate Medium or Distal Vessel Occlusion Stroke

By MedXY 05/13/2026

The DISTAL trial found no 12-month disability or survival benefit from adding endovascular treatment to best medical therapy in mild-to-moderate medium or distal vessel occlusion stroke.

Diabetes & Endocrinology news Ophthalmology

Tocilizumab Shows Promising Benefits in Glucocorticoid-Resistant Thyroid Eye Disease

By MedXY 05/13/2026

In two prospective cohorts of active, glucocorticoid-resistant thyroid eye disease, tocilizumab improved eye inflammation, proptosis, diplopia, and quality of life with acceptable safety, supporting IL-6 blockade as a promising second-line treatment.

Diabetes & Endocrinology news Public Health

Staging Intermediate Hyperglycaemia to Improve Type 2 Diabetes Prevention: Findings from the ELSA-Brasil Study

By MedXY 05/13/2026

The ELSA-Brasil study found that staging intermediate hyperglycaemia with fasting glucose plus 1-hour glucose better predicted type 2 diabetes than fasting glucose plus HbA1c, and a clinical risk score reduced unnecessary testing.

Diabetes & Endocrinology news Oncology

Most Bilateral Adrenal Lesions Are Benign and Concordant, but Asynchronous Presentation Signals Higher Malignancy Risk

By MedXY 05/13/2026

A large retrospective cohort shows that bilateral adrenal masses are usually benign and concordant, but asynchronous or discordant lesions identify a clinically important subgroup enriched for malignancy and pheochromocytoma.

Diabetes & Endocrinology news Public Health

Weight Regain Can Reverse the Metabolic Benefits of Caloric Restriction: Insights From CALERIE-2

By MedXY 05/13/2026

CALERIE-2 post hoc analysis found that weight regain after caloric restriction can reverse improvements in insulin and IGF-1 signaling, while sustained weight loss preserves metabolic benefits and may lower biological aging markers.

Diabetes & Endocrinology Nephrology news

Tirzepatide vs dulaglutide: kidney outcomes in type 2 diabetes from SURPASS-CVOT

By MedXY 05/12/2026

In a pre-specified exploratory analysis of SURPASS-CVOT, tirzepatide reduced major kidney events versus dulaglutide in people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, mainly by lowering new macroalbuminuria and slowing eGFR decline.

Cardiology Internal Medicine news

Cardiomyopathy Gene Therapy Reaches an Inflection Point: From AAV Delivery to Precision Genome Editing

By MedXY 05/12/2026

Gene therapy for cardiomyopathy is moving from concept to clinic, but durable benefit will depend on solving delivery, immunogenicity, cargo, and safety barriers in the failing human heart.

Cardiology news

Tricuspid Valve Replacement Outcomes by Baseline Tricuspid Regurgitation Severity: TRISCEND II Trial

By MedXY 05/12/2026

TRISCEND II showed that transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement with EVOQUE markedly reduced tricuspid regurgitation and improved clinical outcomes across baseline severity levels, with a stronger signal for benefit in massive or torrential TR.

Cardiology news Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học

Why the cTnI/cTnT Ratio May Matter: A New Signal for Distinguishing Acute Necrotic From Chronic Myocardial Injury

By MedXY 05/12/2026

A large multicohort and experimental study suggests the cTnI/cTnT ratio is biologically informative, separates acute from chronic myocardial injury, and modestly improves type 1 versus type 2 MI discrimination.