Introduction
The advent of advanced artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, has markedly influenced scientific writing styles across multiple disciplines. Ophthalmology, as a rapidly evolving field involving extensive interdisciplinary research, is no exception. This study aims to quantify how the incorporation of AI-related vocabulary in ophthalmology scholarly articles has changed following the release of ChatGPT, to assess whether this change differs based on the first author’s country affiliation language (native vs. non-native English), and to determine if these linguistic shifts have affected publication outcomes.
