Anastomotic leaks occurred in foregut surgery patients were predominantly managed with endoscopic approaches, primarily involving vacuum therapy, stents, and drains.
Patients requiring surgical intervention showed poorer nutritional status and increased preoperative risk factors compared to those managed endoscopically.
The microbiome composition at leak sites varies with treatment modality; endoscopic success associates with a predominance of Bacteroides and Firmicutes, whereas Proteobacteria enrichment correlates with surgical failure.
Understanding bacterial profiles in gastrointestinal leaks suggests nutrition and microbial environment significantly impact wound healing and could guide future therapeutic strategies.
