Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) remain a frequent complication within the first 100 days after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and CAR T-cell therapy, with an overall cumulative incidence of 7.4%.
SARS-CoV-2 is now the most common respiratory virus identified in this vulnerable population, accounting for 43% of RVIs, followed by parainfluenza virus and RSV.
CART-cell therapy recipients experience a higher incidence of RVI (12.7%) compared to allogeneic (7.8%) and autologous (4.7%) HCT recipients, with severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) occurring frequently in the setting of recent tocilizumab exposure and lymphopenia.
