Respiratory – Page 3

A Chest X-Ray AI Age Gap May Flag Early Spirometric Decline Before Overt Lung Disease

By MedXY 06/06/2026

In a large Korean health-screening cohort, chest radiograph-derived age acceleration was associated with both prevalent and incident PRISm and obstructive lung disease, supporting chest X-ray AI as a potential opportunistic marker of early pulmonary dysfunction.

Critical Care news Respiratory

Negative End-Expiratory Transpulmonary Pressure, Lung Collapse, and Non-Focal ARDS Drive Tidal Recruitment During Pressure Support Ventilation

By MedXY 06/06/2026

In spontaneously breathing ARDS patients on pressure support ventilation, tidal recruitment/derecruitment was strongly linked to more negative end-expiratory transpulmonary pressure, greater collapse, and non-focal infiltrates, while EIT-guided PEEP reduced recruitment/derecruitment compared with a low PEEP/FiO2 table approach.

news Pediatrics Respiratory

Dietary Patterns and Asthma Endotypes in Puerto Rican Youth

By MedXY 06/04/2026

In Puerto Rican youth, an unhealthy diet was linked to higher odds of T17-high asthma, suggesting diet may influence asthma through immune pathways beyond allergy-related inflammation.

news Radiology Respiratory

CT Small-Artery Loss Tracks Severe Pulmonary Hypertension in COPD and Fibrosing ILD More Closely Than Parenchymal Damage

By MedXY 06/02/2026

CT-derived pulmonary vascular metrics, especially the small-artery to total arterial volume ratio, identify severe pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung disease, with distinct vascular remodeling patterns in COPD and fibrosing ILD.

news Respiratory

International Validation of Electronic Nose Technology as a Diagnostic Tool for Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Diseases

By MedXY 06/02/2026

An international study found that electronic nose breath analysis can distinguish fibrotic interstitial lung disease subtypes with good accuracy, suggesting a promising noninvasive tool to support diagnosis.

news Respiratory

International Validation of Electronic Nose Technology as a Diagnostic Tool for Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Diseases

By MedXY 06/02/2026

An international multicenter study found that electronic nose breath analysis can help distinguish fibrotic interstitial lung disease subtypes with promising accuracy, offering a noninvasive diagnostic aid.

Critical Care news Respiratory

Four Oxygenation Trajectories Define Reproducible Clinical Archetypes in Persistent Acute Respiratory Failure

By MedXY 05/31/2026

A multi-cohort study identified four reproducible 14-day oxygenation trajectory classes in persistent acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, with distinct mortality, biomarker patterns, and links to ARDS and hyperinflammatory subphenotypes.

Allergy & Immunology news Respiratory

Twice-Yearly Depemokimab Maintained Asthma Control After Switching From Mepolizumab or Benralizumab, but Did Not Meet Formal Noninferiority for Exacerbations

By MedXY 05/29/2026

In the phase 3A NIMBLE trial, switching biologic-responsive severe asthma patients to twice-yearly depemokimab preserved overall control and showed comparable safety, but formal noninferiority versus continued mepolizumab or benralizumab for exacerbations was not achieved.

Critical Care news Respiratory

Prone Positioning for Severe Hypoxemia Rose Sharply During COVID-19 but Was Not Sustained Across North American ICUs

By MedXY 05/27/2026

In 37 North American hospitals, proning of eligible mechanically ventilated patients increased markedly during COVID-19, then fell post-pandemic, with substantial interhospital variation throughout.

news Public Health Respiratory

COPD Cuts Life Expectancy in a Severity-Dependent Manner, With Losses Comparable to or Greater Than Diabetes and Smoking

By MedXY 05/27/2026

A large pooled US cohort study found that COPD substantially reduces life expectancy, even among never-smokers, with years of life lost increasing progressively from GOLD stage 1 through stage 4.

news Public Health Respiratory Transplantation

Where a Lung Transplant Candidate Is Listed Still Shapes Access to Donor Lungs Under U.S. Continuous Distribution

By MedXY 05/27/2026

A national SRTR analysis shows that transplant center geography still strongly influences effective donor access after CAS implementation, and the 2026 proximity-weighted amendment is likely to widen disparities, especially for biologically harder-to-match candidates.

news Public Health Respiratory

Motivational Interviewing and Air Cleaners for Smokers with COPD (MOVE): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

By MedXY 05/27/2026

Portable HEPA air cleaners plus motivational interviewing improved symptoms and quality of life in smokers with COPD by reducing indoor particulate matter, though lung function and exacerbations did not significantly change.

Critical Care news Respiratory

Out-of-Bed Armchair Positioning Improves Oxygenation in Spontaneously Breathing ICU Patients

By MedXY 05/23/2026

A randomized ICU trial found that sitting spontaneously breathing patients in an armchair for 3 hours improved oxygenation more than staying semi-recumbent in bed, with no serious adverse events.

Internal Medicine news Respiratory

Effectiveness of Automatically-Adjusted vs Manually-Adjusted Noninvasive Ventilation in Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

By MedXY 05/21/2026

In ambulatory patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome, automatically-adjusted noninvasive ventilation was as effective as manually adjusted NIV over 12 months and more cost-effective, offering a simpler path to treatment.

Cardiology news Respiratory

Dual versus monotherapy pretreatment before balloon pulmonary angioplasty in CTEPH: effects on complications and outcomes

By MedXY 05/18/2026

In CTEPH patients undergoing balloon pulmonary angioplasty, dual pulmonary hypertension-targeted pretreatment was linked to fewer thoracic complications and better 6-month clinical improvement than monotherapy.

Infectious Diseases news Respiratory

Lower Airway Dysbiosis in NTM-Positive Bronchiectasis Is Linked to NET-Dominant Severe Phenotypes

By MedXY 05/18/2026

In NTM-positive bronchiectasis, lower airway dysbiosis involving Mycobacterium and oral bacteria is linked to higher NET levels and more severe disease phenotypes, suggesting that the broader airway microbiome may shape inflammation and outcomes.

Cardiology news Respiratory

Cardiovascular Benefit of CPAP May Be Greater in High-Risk Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

By MedXY 05/15/2026

This pooled analysis found that CPAP may lower cardiovascular event risk mainly in patients with high-risk obstructive sleep apnoea, especially those with stronger heart-rate surges or greater oxygen deprivation during sleep.

Critical Care news Respiratory

More Enteral Protein Did Not Overcome Anabolic Resistance in Mechanically Ventilated Critical Illness

By MedXY 05/13/2026

In a randomized trial, a 40 g intraduodenal whey bolus increased amino acid availability but did not significantly raise postprandial muscle protein synthesis versus 20 g in critically ill ventilated adults.

Critical Care news Respiratory

Predicted Body Weight May Be Too High for Many Critically Ill Women: New Evidence Challenges a Core Assumption in Lung-Protective Ventilation

By MedXY 05/12/2026

A large analysis suggests the predicted body weight equation overestimates lung size in critically ill women, increasing the risk of higher driving pressures and contributing to excess mortality under standard tidal-volume targeting.

Clinical Updates news Respiratory

Ivermectin for COVID-19: From Pandemic Controversy to Definitive Futility in the REMAP-CAP and Global Randomized Trials

By MedXY 05/12/2026

A comprehensive evidence-based synthesis of the REMAP-CAP trial and major international RCTs, demonstrating that ivermectin fails to improve clinical outcomes, survival, or organ support requirements in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients.