The last decade’s research underscores silymarin’s multifaceted pharmacological properties, notably antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and metabolic regulatory effects.
Robust evidence supports silymarin’s clinical efficacy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and related complications including diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy.
Emerging data reveal silymarin’s potential adjunctive benefits in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, and its role in rheumatologic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Preclinical and limited clinical studies suggest radiosensitizing effects enhancing radiotherapy efficacy in cancer; topical formulations demonstrate promise for dermatologic indications including acne and radiodermatitis.
