Ocular Metastasis Over Four Decades: Clinical Patterns, Survival, and Therapeutic Outcomes in 569 Patients

Highlight

This large retrospective study of 569 patients (727 eyes) with intraocular and epibulbar metastases over 40 years provides valuable insight into persistent survival challenges despite advances in systemic cancer treatments. Key highlights include: (1) Median overall survival following ocular metastasis detection remains under nine months; (2) Breast and lung cancers are the predominant primary origins, with lung cancer correlating with significantly worse survival; (3) Treatment offers meaningful vision preservation or improvement and tumor regression in the majority; (4) No significant survival improvement was evident between earlier and later decades studied.

Background: Burden and Clinical Context of Ocular Metastases

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