Highlight
– Combining a moderate-FODMAP diet with metformin significantly reduces postprandial glucose levels in individuals with prediabetes compared to a low-FODMAP diet with metformin.
– The moderate-FODMAP diet enhances secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a key incretin hormone involved in glucose regulation.
– Gut microbiota composition changes with higher abundance of Butyricimonas virosa linked to improved glycaemic control.
– Baseline gut microbiota profiles—specifically higher Dorea formicigenerans—predict gastrointestinal intolerance to metformin treatment.
