Decoding the Immune Landscape in NSCLC: Oncogene-Specific Spatial Proteomics Identifies Prognostic Niches and Therapeutic Targets

Highlight

  • Spatial proteomics profiling of nearly 200 NSCLC tumors reveals distinct oncogene-driven remodeling of the immune tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • EGFR- and KRAS-mutant tumors exhibit reduced cytotoxic T cell infiltration and distinct immunosuppressive niches, including enrichment of M2-like tumor-associated macrophages in EGFR mutants.
  • Spatial analyses identify immune cell neighborhoods and proximity patterns that significantly correlate with patient prognosis, underscoring the clinical relevance of immune architecture.
  • Findings suggest that mutation-specific immune microenvironments could inform personalized immunotherapeutic interventions in NSCLC.

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