Highlight
– Direct personal use of organochlorine and select organophosphate insecticides is associated with increased risk of incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in female spouses of pesticide applicators.
– Indirect exposure through the applicator’s use of specific pesticides, such as metribuzin, also increases RA risk among women who do not personally use these chemicals.
– The use of any fungicide and engagement in several farming tasks (e.g., cleaning with solvents, driving gas tractors) further elevate RA risk.
– These findings underscore occupational and household environmental exposures as important, modifiable risk factors for RA in women living in agricultural settings.
