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This prospective multicenter cohort study investigated the prevalence and persistence of mental health disorders in caregivers of ICU sepsis survivors over one year post-discharge. It demonstrated that nearly 43% of caregivers exhibited mental post-intensive care syndrome-family (PICS-F) symptoms consistently from 3 to 12 months. Critically, caregiver mental health was strongly associated with patients’ mental PICS domain rather than physical or cognitive impairments.