Introduction
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a class of covalently closed-loop non-coding RNAs that have emerged as critical regulators in numerous biological processes, notably in cancer and immune modulation. With their unique stable structure and ability to interact intricately with microRNAs (miRNAs), RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and the translational machinery, circRNAs influence tumor progression and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Their promising roles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, particularly in cancer immunotherapy, demand a comprehensive understanding of their biogenesis, functions, and translational potential.
