Impulsivity is genetically heterogeneous, with shared and distinct influences across eight impulsive traits.
Genome-wide and transcriptome-wide association studies identified multiple loci and genes, including a neurodevelopmentally important hotspot at 17q21.31.
Biological correlates show divergent effects on impulsivity traits, involving early neurodevelopmental gene expression and adult cortical morphometry changes.
Polygenic risk for impulsivity impacts clinical outcomes through shared pathways in early life, emphasizing developmental canalization.
