Lung cancer transitioned from a clinical rarity to the world’s leading cause of cancer death, in part due to changes in smoking habits and advances in diagnostic technology.
Therapeutic breakthroughs—from surgery to molecularly targeted agents and immunotherapies—have significantly improved survival in certain subtypes, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Precision medicine now enables treatment tailored to genetic drivers like EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, RET, MET, and KRAS, as well as immune checkpoint inhibition and antibody-drug conjugates.
Despite progress, late-stage diagnosis and drug resistance remain key challenges, highlighting the need for continued innovation and early detection.
