Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) demonstrates organ-protective effects in cardiac surgery, notably reducing acute kidney injury and myocardial injury in specific populations.
In acute ischemic stroke, RIPC shows promise in improving functional outcomes, particularly in moderate stroke and large artery atherosclerosis subtypes, though results vary across studies.
Mechanistic studies implicate modulation of erythrocyte aggregation, hypoxia-inducible factors, and protective signaling pathways including HIF-1α, Akt, STAT, and eNOS as key contributors.
While RIPC is safe and feasible, translation into consistent clinical benefit remains challenging, warranting further large-scale, well-designed trials.
