Introduction
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication characterized by glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. It is known to influence both maternal health and fetal development, posing risks such as macrosomia and increased cesarean delivery rates. Recent advances in microbiome research suggest that the vaginal microbiota, a critical component of maternal health, may also be altered in GDM, potentially affecting pregnancy outcomes. This article explores vaginal microbiome changes in late pregnancy among women with GDM and their correlations with maternal glycemic control and fetal growth metrics.
