Specialties – Page 4

Rapamycin for Alzheimer’s Prevention in APOE4 Carriers: Restoring Brain Metabolism and Vascular Health

By MedXY 10/21/2025

Rapamycin shows promise in preventing Alzheimer's disease in APOE4 carriers by improving brain mitochondrial function, synaptic activity, and vascular health, highlighting a potential genotype-targeted early intervention for this high-risk population.

Neurology Pathology & Lab Medicine Specialties

APOE4 Amplifies Blood Biomarkers’ Association with Cognitive Decline in Aging Adults: Insights from a Biracial 20-Year Cohort Study

By MedXY 10/21/2025

This study reveals that APOE4 carriers with elevated blood neurodegenerative biomarkers experience accelerated cognitive decline, highlighting the gene's role in exacerbating neurodegeneration among community-dwelling older adults without dementia.

Family Medicine & Nutrition Neurology news Specialties

APOE ε4 Allele: A Key Driver of Cognitive Decline and Neurodegeneration in Older Adults from the Democratic Republic of the Congo

By MedXY 10/21/2025

This study reveals that the APOE ε4 allele is linked to increased dementia prevalence, cognitive deficits, brain atrophy, and plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration in older adults in the DRC, emphasizing its critical role in African populations.

Family Medicine & Nutrition Neurology news Specialties

Lifetime Walking Intensity and Duration Reduce Amyloid-β Accumulation in Alzheimer’s Disease: Insights from a Korean Longitudinal Cohort

By MedXY 10/20/2025

A 4-year longitudinal study reveals that long-duration, high-intensity lifetime walking is associated with reduced amyloid-β accumulation in older adults, suggesting a neuroprotective effect when initiated early in life.

Neurology news Pathology & Lab Medicine Public Health

Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity, p-tau181, and Cognition in Older Adults with Memory Complaints: Insights from the MAPT Study

By MedXY 10/20/2025

Higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity slows p-tau181 increase, a marker of Alzheimer’s pathology, but elevated p-tau181 diminishes exercise-related cognitive benefits in older adults.

Critical Care Emergency Medicine news Public Health Specialties

Empowering Older Adults in Acute Care: Insights on Shared Decision Making for Treatment Escalation Planning

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This qualitative UK study explores older patients' perspectives on shared decision making for treatment escalation during acute hospital deterioration, highlighting the need for patient autonomy, education, and adaptable clinical approaches.

Cardiology Nephrology Specialties

Statin Therapy in Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease: Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Safety Profile in Hypercholesterolemic Patients

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This study demonstrates that statin therapy effectively reduces cardiovascular risk and all-cause mortality in older adults with chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolemia, without increasing major adverse events, even in very elderly patients.

HIV/AIDS Infectious Diseases Public Health Specialties

HIV Among Older Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: Epidemiology, Risks, and Treatment Insights from the AWI-Gen Longitudinal Study

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This multicentre longitudinal cohort study reveals significant HIV prevalence and incidence among adults aged 40 and older in sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting age, gender, education, and rural residency as critical factors influencing HIV risk and treatment outcomes.

Family Medicine & Nutrition Neurology Nursing & care Specialties

Evaluating Combined Mind-Body Exercise, Cognitive Training, and Nurse-Led Risk Factor Modification in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Insights from a Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial

By MedXY 10/20/2025

A large RCT in primary care showed no significant cognitive benefits of a combined intervention integrating mind-body physical exercise, cognitive training, and nurse-led risk factor modification over nurse-led risk factor modification alone or general health advice in mild cognitive impairment. Future refinements and research are needed.

Internal Medicine Neurology news

Blood Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease Predict Long-Term Muscle Strength Decline in Older Adults

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This study links Alzheimer’s disease-related blood biomarkers with accelerated muscle strength loss over 12 years, highlighting the interplay between neurodegeneration and physical decline in aging populations.

Internal Medicine news Public Health

Optimizing Healthy Ageing: The Impact of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior on Intrinsic Capacity in Older Adults

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This prospective Spanish cohort study reveals that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity enhances intrinsic capacity in older adults, while sedentary behavior impairs it, underscoring the role of active lifestyles in promoting healthy ageing.

Internal Medicine Public Health Specialties

Unraveling the Hidden and Measured Drivers of Chronic Disease Accumulation Across Organ Systems

By MedXY 10/20/2025

A 30-year birth cohort study reveals that life-course factors, especially modifiable markers like BMI, blood glucose, and blood pressure, significantly influence the buildup of chronic diseases across eight organ systems, yet much remains unexplained, prompting further research.

Neurology news Public Health

Evolving Landscape of Modifiable Dementia Risk Factors in Australia: Socioeconomic and Sex Disparities Over 15 Years

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This analysis reveals stable dementia risk fractions despite changing risk profiles over 15 years in Australia, highlighting greater modifiable risk among low-income groups and males, with depression emerging as a leading factor in mid-life, especially in women and disadvantaged populations.

Internal Medicine news Public Health

Global Mortality Trends 1990-2023: Insights from the GBD 2023 Study on Causes of Death

By MedXY 10/20/2025

The GBD 2023 Study integrates data from 204 countries to reveal shifting global mortality patterns, emphasizing the impact of COVID-19, declining vaccine-preventable deaths, and rising non-communicable diseases, highlighting critical areas for targeted public health action.

Gastroenterology news Pediatrics

Pharmacological Treatments for Pediatric Functional Constipation: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of pharmacological therapies for functional constipation in children, identifying polyethylene glycol as the preferred first-line treatment based on moderate-certainty evidence.

Diabetes & Endocrinology news Public Health

Leveraging the Planetary Health Diet to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk and Environmental Impact: Insights from the EPIC-Norfolk Study

By MedXY 10/20/2025

Higher adherence to the planetary health diet is linked with a 32% reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions, supporting its role in preventing diabetes and promoting sustainability.

Family Medicine & Nutrition Neurology Specialties

Dietary Patterns and Dementia Risk: Insights from a Large UK Biobank Cohort Study

By MedXY 10/20/2025

Higher adherence to Mediterranean, MIND, and Recommended Food Score diets is linked to reduced risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease, highlighting diet as a modifiable factor in dementia prevention.

Diabetes & Endocrinology Family Medicine & Nutrition Public Health Specialties

Planetary Health and Plant-Based Diets: Reducing Type 2 Diabetes Risk in UK Adults

By MedXY 10/20/2025

Higher adherence to the Planetary Health Diet Index, reflecting environmentally sustainable plant-based eating patterns, is strongly associated with reduced type 2 diabetes risk in UK Biobank participants, comparable or superior to other established plant-based diet scores.

Cardiology news Oncology

Impacts of Plant-Based Diets on Multimorbidity Risk in Cancer and Cardiometabolic Diseases Across Age Groups

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This analysis of EPIC and UK Biobank cohorts reveals that healthy plant-based diets reduce multimorbidity risk of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases, especially in middle-aged adults, underscoring diet's role in chronic disease prevention and management.

Internal Medicine news Public Health

Extending the Hospital Frailty Risk Score to All Adults: Implications for Hospital Stay, Mortality, and Costs in England

By MedXY 10/20/2025

The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) predicts length of stay, mortality, and costs across all adult age groups in England, with stronger effects in older adults, supporting broader clinical use beyond the elderly.