White Matter Microstructure and Cognitive Decline in Aging and Alzheimer Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances
Posted inClinical Updates Neurology news Radiology

White Matter Microstructure and Cognitive Decline in Aging and Alzheimer Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances

This review synthesizes recent large-scale multi-cohort studies revealing white matter microstructural abnormalities—especially free water increases—in limbic tracts as critical markers of cognitive decline in aging and Alzheimer's disease, emphasizing integrated biomarker approaches.
Paracetamol Lowers Cerebral Temperature Modestly but Meaningfully in Febrile Brain‑Injured Patients: Results of the NEUROTHERM Randomized Pharmacodynamic Trial
Posted inCritical Care Neurology news

Paracetamol Lowers Cerebral Temperature Modestly but Meaningfully in Febrile Brain‑Injured Patients: Results of the NEUROTHERM Randomized Pharmacodynamic Trial

In a double‑blind RCT of 99 febrile brain‑injured patients with intracerebral thermal probes, a single IV dose of paracetamol reduced mean cerebral temperature by 0.6°C versus placebo and kept cerebral temperature <38.5°C for a median 3.6 hours; one‑third of patients did not respond.
Eflornithine Plus Lomustine Extends Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Recurrent IDH‑Mutant Grade 3 Astrocytoma — Results from STELLAR Phase III
Posted inNeurology news Oncology

Eflornithine Plus Lomustine Extends Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Recurrent IDH‑Mutant Grade 3 Astrocytoma — Results from STELLAR Phase III

The STELLAR phase III trial found that eflornithine added to lomustine doubled PFS and significantly improved OS in patients with recurrent IDH‑mutant grade 3 astrocytoma after radiotherapy and temozolomide, with increased but manageable myelosuppression and hearing toxicity.
No Net Benefit from Adding Antiplatelet Therapy to Anticoagulation After Ischemic Stroke With Atrial Fibrillation and Atherosclerosis — Higher Bleeding Risk
Posted inCardiology Neurology news

No Net Benefit from Adding Antiplatelet Therapy to Anticoagulation After Ischemic Stroke With Atrial Fibrillation and Atherosclerosis — Higher Bleeding Risk

In a randomized trial of 316 patients with ischemic stroke/TIA, nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, and atherosclerotic disease, adding an antiplatelet to anticoagulation did not reduce ischemic events but doubled clinically relevant bleeding compared with anticoagulant monotherapy.
Lower Posttreatment Amyloid Predicts Slower Clinical Decline and Reduced Tau/Glial Biomarkers After Donanemab: Secondary Analysis of TRAILBLAZER‑ALZ 2
Posted inNeurology news

Lower Posttreatment Amyloid Predicts Slower Clinical Decline and Reduced Tau/Glial Biomarkers After Donanemab: Secondary Analysis of TRAILBLAZER‑ALZ 2

A secondary analysis of TRAILBLAZER‑ALZ 2 found that lower posttreatment amyloid plaque levels after donanemab correlate strongly with less clinical decline and reductions in plasma p‑tau217, p‑tau181, and GFAP over 76 weeks, supporting plaque removal as a likely mechanism of benefit.
General vs Nongeneral Anesthesia in Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large Core Strokes: Insights from the SELECT2 Trial and Related Evidence
Posted inAnesthesiology Clinical Updates Neurology news

General vs Nongeneral Anesthesia in Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large Core Strokes: Insights from the SELECT2 Trial and Related Evidence

This review synthesizes evidence on anesthesia approaches during endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for large core ischemic strokes, focusing on a prespecified secondary analysis of the SELECT2 trial that shows comparable 90-day outcomes between general anesthesia and non-general anesthesia.
General Anesthesia May Improve 90‑Day Outcomes and Reperfusion After EVT for Large‑Vessel Ischemic Stroke: Key Takeaways from the SEGA Randomized Trial
Posted inAnesthesiology Neurology news

General Anesthesia May Improve 90‑Day Outcomes and Reperfusion After EVT for Large‑Vessel Ischemic Stroke: Key Takeaways from the SEGA Randomized Trial

The SEGA randomized trial suggests general anesthesia (GA) during endovascular therapy for large‑vessel occlusion stroke may lead to better 90‑day functional outcomes and higher reperfusion rates than moderate sedation, though credible intervals overlap and uncertainties remain.
Seizure Burden Falls Over Time in Treatment‑Resistant Focal Epilepsy: Implications for Interpreting Open‑Label Disease‑Modifying Claims
Posted inNeurology news

Seizure Burden Falls Over Time in Treatment‑Resistant Focal Epilepsy: Implications for Interpreting Open‑Label Disease‑Modifying Claims

The HEP2 prospective cohort shows that most patients with focal treatment‑resistant epilepsy experienced substantial seizure reductions over 18–36 months; ASM additions produced modest gains but rarely achieved freedom, and device-treated patients followed similar trajectories to those without devices.
IV Thrombolysis Outperformed Endovascular Thrombectomy for Basilar Artery Occlusion in a Multicenter Cohort: What Clinicians Should Know
Posted inNeurology news

IV Thrombolysis Outperformed Endovascular Thrombectomy for Basilar Artery Occlusion in a Multicenter Cohort: What Clinicians Should Know

A 523‑patient multicenter cohort found intravenous thrombolysis alone was associated with better 3‑month functional outcomes and lower mortality than endovascular thrombectomy (± IVT) for acute basilar artery occlusion after adjustment for confounders. Results prompt cautious reappraisal of EVT vs IVT in BAO and call for randomized trials.
Giving IV Thrombolysis in the Late Window Before Transfer for Thrombectomy: Improved Recanalization and 3‑Month Outcomes in a Multicenter French Cohort
Posted inNeurology news

Giving IV Thrombolysis in the Late Window Before Transfer for Thrombectomy: Improved Recanalization and 3‑Month Outcomes in a Multicenter French Cohort

A multicenter retrospective cohort (OPEN-WINDOW) found that IV thrombolysis given beyond 4.5 hours before interhospital transfer for EVT was associated with higher rates of recanalization during transfer and better 3‑month functional outcomes without increased hemorrhagic complications.
Low‑Dose Interleukin‑2 Expands Regulatory T Cells and Modulates Biomarkers in Mild–Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: Phase 2a Randomized Trial Shows Safety and Promising Signals
Posted inAllergy & Immunology Neurology news

Low‑Dose Interleukin‑2 Expands Regulatory T Cells and Modulates Biomarkers in Mild–Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: Phase 2a Randomized Trial Shows Safety and Promising Signals

A phase 2a randomized trial found low‑dose IL‑2 given every 4 weeks was safe, expanded regulatory T cells, altered peripheral inflammatory mediators, increased CSF Aβ42, stabilized NfL, and trended toward slower cognitive decline in mild–moderate AD.
Extratemporal epilepsy, obesity and male sex predict SUDEP risk in drug‑resistant focal epilepsy: clinical insights from the REPO2MSE prospective case‑control study
Posted inNeurology news

Extratemporal epilepsy, obesity and male sex predict SUDEP risk in drug‑resistant focal epilepsy: clinical insights from the REPO2MSE prospective case‑control study

A multicentre prospective nested case‑control analysis (REPO2MSE) identifies extratemporal seizure onset, BMI ≥30, male sex, and predominantly nocturnal seizures as independent SUDEP risk factors in drug‑resistant focal epilepsy; peri‑ictal hypoxaemia and focal‑to‑bilateral tonic‑clonic seizure frequency were not significant.
A Standardized RANO Resection Classification Links Supramaximal Surgery to Meaningful Survival Gains in IDH‑Mutant Grade 2 Glioma
Posted inNeurology news Oncology

A Standardized RANO Resection Classification Links Supramaximal Surgery to Meaningful Survival Gains in IDH‑Mutant Grade 2 Glioma

An international retrospective cohort (n=1,391) validates a four‑tier RANO classification of residual T2‑FLAIR volume: supramaximal resection confers the largest survival benefit, with graded, durable advantages for maximal versus submaximal resections across IDH‑mutant astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma.
Microbubble‑Enhanced Focused Ultrasound with Temozolomide Shows Feasibility and Promising Survival in High‑Grade Glioma — Phase 1/2 Multicentre Results
Posted inNeurology news Oncology

Microbubble‑Enhanced Focused Ultrasound with Temozolomide Shows Feasibility and Promising Survival in High‑Grade Glioma — Phase 1/2 Multicentre Results

A multicentre phase 1/2 trial reports that MRI‑guided microbubble‑enhanced transcranial focused ultrasound (MB‑FUS) can safely open the blood–brain barrier and be combined with standard adjuvant temozolomide in high‑grade glioma, with median overall survival 31.3 months and feasibility for non‑invasive plasma biomarker monitoring.