Restricted gestational weight gain (GWG <5 kg) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with a 58% reduction in large-for-gestational-age (LGA) births.
Weight gain below 5 kg correlates with significantly lower risks of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (aOR 0.56) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions.
Current evidence does not demonstrate a statistically significant increase in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants or preterm births with restricted weight gain in this specific population.
Integration of metabolic markers, gut microbiome health, and precise glycated hemoglobin monitoring is essential for optimizing maternal-fetal outcomes.
