Respiratory – Page 7

Optimizing Pyrazinamide Dosing in Drug-Susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Insights from a Large Phase 3 Trial

By MedXY 09/17/2025

A comprehensive analysis from the TBTC Study 31/ACTG A5349 reveals that flat dosing of pyrazinamide at 1,000 mg daily optimizes efficacy and safety, challenging current weight-banded dosing strategies for drug-susceptible tuberculosis.

Clinical Updates Infectious Diseases Respiratory Specialties

Evaluating Germicidal UV Light to Reduce Respiratory Infections in Long-Term Care: Insights from a South Australian Randomized Trial

By MedXY 09/10/2025

A randomized clinical trial in South Australian long-term care facilities found germicidal UV light appliances did not significantly reduce acute respiratory infection rates per cycle but modestly lowered total infections over time, suggesting a supportive role in infection control.

news Respiratory Specialties

Evaluating Carbocysteine in Mild-to-Moderate COPD: Insights From a Large Multicenter Controlled Trial

By MedXY 09/10/2025

A large phase 4 trial found carbocysteine did not significantly reduce exacerbation rates or improve lung function in mild-to-moderate COPD, suggesting limited benefit beyond severe cases.

Clinical Updates Internal Medicine news Public Health Respiratory Specialties

High-Dose vs Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccine in Older Adults: Insights from the DANFLU-2 Randomized Clinical Trial

By MedXY 09/06/2025

The DANFLU-2 trial demonstrates that high-dose influenza vaccine reduces cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory hospitalizations compared to standard-dose in adults ≥65 years, with similar benefits across subgroups including heart failure and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Cardiology news Public Health Respiratory Specialties

Bivalent RSV Prefusion F Protein Vaccine: A Potential Strategy to Reduce Cardiovascular Hospitalizations in Older Adults

By MedXY 09/01/2025

The DAN-RSV trial demonstrates that RSV vaccination significantly lowers all-cause cardiorespiratory hospitalizations among older adults, suggesting vaccines may reduce infection-triggered cardiovascular complications and benefit chronic disease management.

Neurology news Respiratory Specialties

Cardiorespiratory Exercise Enhances Cognitive Function After Ischemic Stroke: Insights from the PISCES-ZODIAC Trial

By MedXY 08/31/2025

An 8-week cardiorespiratory exercise program initiated 2 months after ischemic stroke improved cognitive performance at 12 months, despite no significant preservation of hippocampal volume compared with control. The intervention was safe and feasible, offering promising avenues for poststroke cognitive care.

Cardiology Public Health Respiratory Specialties

Ventilation Hoods During Cooking Significantly Reduce PM2.5 Exposure and Improve Cardiometabolic and Pulmonary Health: Evidence from a Cluster-Randomized Trial in Rural China

By MedXY 08/30/2025

A community-based intervention using ventilation hoods during cooking reduced 24-hour PM2.5 exposure by nearly 30% and improved cardiometabolic and pulmonary health markers in rural Chinese villages reliant on wood fuel.

Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine news Respiratory Specialties

Unraveling Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Key Pathological Feature in Long COVID Syndrome

By MedXY 08/30/2025

Long COVID patients exhibit distinct mitochondrial bioenergetic impairments, with altered ATP synthase function correlating with clinical symptoms and quality of life, implicating mitochondrial dysfunction in its pathogenesis.

Respiratory Specialties

Decoding Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) Across the Lifespan: Establishing Normal Ranges in a Respiratory Healthy Population

By MedXY 08/30/2025

This study establishes reliable FeNO reference values throughout life in respiratory healthy individuals, highlighting factors that influence nitric oxide levels and enhancing asthma diagnosis and management.

Allergy & Immunology Clinical Updates news Respiratory Specialties

Rentosertib: The First AI-Discovered TNIK Inhibitor Shows Promise in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Phase 2a Trial

By MedXY 08/27/2025

Rentosertib, an AI-designed TNIK inhibitor, demonstrated safety and preliminary efficacy in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a randomized phase 2a trial, marking a milestone in AI-driven drug development for progressive lung diseases.

Clinical Updates news Respiratory Specialties

Cold Agglutinin Syndrome Secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Adults: Insights from a Large French Observational Study

By MedXY 08/26/2025

A national French study reveals that cold agglutinin syndrome (CAS) develops about 10 days after Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection onset, often requiring ICU care and transfusions, with a generally favorable prognosis despite frequent venous thromboembolism and no clear benefit from glucocorticoid treatment.

Cardiology Clinical Updates news Public Health Respiratory Specialties

Impact of E-cigarette Use on Cardiovascular Risk, Lung Function, and Clinical Outcomes in Smokers: Insights from a Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial

By MedXY 08/25/2025

This review synthesizes trial evidence showing that nicotine-containing e-cigarettes modestly improve lipid profiles but cause no significant changes in lung function or other cardiovascular markers compared to cigarette substitutes in smokers reducing cigarette use.

Clinical Updates news Public Health Respiratory Specialties

Cytisinicline’s Promise in Smoking Cessation: Insights from the ORCA Phase 3 Replication Trial

By MedXY 08/25/2025

The ORCA-3 trial confirms cytisinicline's efficacy and safety for smoking cessation at 6 and 12 weeks, showing sustained abstinence and reduced nicotine craving up to 24 weeks.

Critical Care news Public Health Respiratory Specialties

Global Shifts in Pulmonary Embolism Mortality: A 2001-2023 WHO Database Analysis

By MedXY 08/25/2025

Analysis of WHO data reveals declining global pulmonary embolism mortality overall, with marked differences by region and income, highlighting urgent needs in lower-middle-income countries.

Cardiology Clinical Updates news Respiratory Specialties

Unraveling Heart-Lung Interactions in HFpEF: The Impact of Dynamic Hyperinflation on Exercise Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure

By MedXY 08/24/2025

Exercise-induced dynamic hyperinflation in HFpEF patients is linked to elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, suggesting altered lung mechanics contribute significantly to exercise intolerance beyond ventricular stiffness alone.

Clinical Updates news Nursing & care Respiratory Specialties

Minimal Equipment Pulmonary Rehabilitation Matches Specialized Gym-Based Programs: New RCT Evidence

By MedXY 08/24/2025

A large randomized clinical trial demonstrates that pulmonary rehabilitation using minimal equipment is noninferior to gym-based programs with specialist equipment for improving exercise capacity and quality of life in chronic respiratory disease.

Allergy & Immunology Cardiology Respiratory Specialties

Asthma and the Risk of Degenerative Valvular Heart Disease: Insights from a Large Prospective Cohort Study

By MedXY 08/21/2025

This study demonstrates that asthma modestly increases the risk of degenerative valvular heart diseases, highlighting the need for cardiovascular vigilance in asthmatic individuals.

Infectious Diseases Nephrology news Respiratory Specialties

Kidney-transplant recipients benefit from COVID-19 vaccination

By MedXY 08/20/2025

Kidney-transplant recipients on long-term kidney replacement therapy demonstrate significant reductions in COVID-19-related hospitalizations and mortality following three or more vaccine doses, supporting booster vaccinations in this vulnerable population.

Infectious Diseases Medical News news Respiratory Specialties

Common Cold and Reduced COVID-19 Risk: Insights from the HEROS Cohort Study on Rhinovirus-Induced Airway Antiviral Responses

By MedXY 08/20/2025

Recent rhinovirus infection may nearly halve COVID-19 risk and reduce viral load by triggering airway antiviral gene expression, partially explaining children's milder COVID-19 outcomes.

Clinical Updates Infectious Diseases news Respiratory Specialties

COVID reinfection may raise risk of persistent symptoms by 35%

By MedXY 08/20/2025

Observational data from the RECOVER Initiative suggest that SARS-CoV-2 reinfection raises the risk of long COVID by 35% relative to single infections, with more recent vaccination potentially mitigating this risk.