Specialties – Page 57

HIV Among Older Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: Epidemiology, Risks, and Treatment Insights from the AWI-Gen Longitudinal Study

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This multicentre longitudinal cohort study reveals significant HIV prevalence and incidence among adults aged 40 and older in sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting age, gender, education, and rural residency as critical factors influencing HIV risk and treatment outcomes.

Family Medicine & Nutrition Neurology Nursing & care Specialties

Evaluating Combined Mind-Body Exercise, Cognitive Training, and Nurse-Led Risk Factor Modification in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Insights from a Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial

By MedXY 10/20/2025

A large RCT in primary care showed no significant cognitive benefits of a combined intervention integrating mind-body physical exercise, cognitive training, and nurse-led risk factor modification over nurse-led risk factor modification alone or general health advice in mild cognitive impairment. Future refinements and research are needed.

Internal Medicine Neurology news

Blood Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease Predict Long-Term Muscle Strength Decline in Older Adults

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This study links Alzheimer’s disease-related blood biomarkers with accelerated muscle strength loss over 12 years, highlighting the interplay between neurodegeneration and physical decline in aging populations.

Internal Medicine news Public Health

Optimizing Healthy Ageing: The Impact of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior on Intrinsic Capacity in Older Adults

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This prospective Spanish cohort study reveals that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity enhances intrinsic capacity in older adults, while sedentary behavior impairs it, underscoring the role of active lifestyles in promoting healthy ageing.

Internal Medicine Public Health Specialties

Unraveling the Hidden and Measured Drivers of Chronic Disease Accumulation Across Organ Systems

By MedXY 10/20/2025

A 30-year birth cohort study reveals that life-course factors, especially modifiable markers like BMI, blood glucose, and blood pressure, significantly influence the buildup of chronic diseases across eight organ systems, yet much remains unexplained, prompting further research.

Neurology news Public Health

Evolving Landscape of Modifiable Dementia Risk Factors in Australia: Socioeconomic and Sex Disparities Over 15 Years

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This analysis reveals stable dementia risk fractions despite changing risk profiles over 15 years in Australia, highlighting greater modifiable risk among low-income groups and males, with depression emerging as a leading factor in mid-life, especially in women and disadvantaged populations.

Internal Medicine news Public Health

Global Mortality Trends 1990-2023: Insights from the GBD 2023 Study on Causes of Death

By MedXY 10/20/2025

The GBD 2023 Study integrates data from 204 countries to reveal shifting global mortality patterns, emphasizing the impact of COVID-19, declining vaccine-preventable deaths, and rising non-communicable diseases, highlighting critical areas for targeted public health action.

Gastroenterology news Pediatrics

Pharmacological Treatments for Pediatric Functional Constipation: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of pharmacological therapies for functional constipation in children, identifying polyethylene glycol as the preferred first-line treatment based on moderate-certainty evidence.

Diabetes & Endocrinology news Public Health

Leveraging the Planetary Health Diet to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk and Environmental Impact: Insights from the EPIC-Norfolk Study

By MedXY 10/20/2025

Higher adherence to the planetary health diet is linked with a 32% reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions, supporting its role in preventing diabetes and promoting sustainability.

Family Medicine & Nutrition Neurology Specialties

Dietary Patterns and Dementia Risk: Insights from a Large UK Biobank Cohort Study

By MedXY 10/20/2025

Higher adherence to Mediterranean, MIND, and Recommended Food Score diets is linked to reduced risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease, highlighting diet as a modifiable factor in dementia prevention.

Diabetes & Endocrinology Family Medicine & Nutrition Public Health Specialties

Planetary Health and Plant-Based Diets: Reducing Type 2 Diabetes Risk in UK Adults

By MedXY 10/20/2025

Higher adherence to the Planetary Health Diet Index, reflecting environmentally sustainable plant-based eating patterns, is strongly associated with reduced type 2 diabetes risk in UK Biobank participants, comparable or superior to other established plant-based diet scores.

Cardiology news Oncology

Impacts of Plant-Based Diets on Multimorbidity Risk in Cancer and Cardiometabolic Diseases Across Age Groups

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This analysis of EPIC and UK Biobank cohorts reveals that healthy plant-based diets reduce multimorbidity risk of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases, especially in middle-aged adults, underscoring diet's role in chronic disease prevention and management.

Internal Medicine news Public Health

Extending the Hospital Frailty Risk Score to All Adults: Implications for Hospital Stay, Mortality, and Costs in England

By MedXY 10/20/2025

The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) predicts length of stay, mortality, and costs across all adult age groups in England, with stronger effects in older adults, supporting broader clinical use beyond the elderly.

Neurology news Public Health

Age-Dependent Impact of Vascular Risk Factors on Acute Stroke: Insights from the INTERSTROKE Study

By MedXY 10/20/2025

The INTERSTROKE study reveals how age modifies the relationship between vascular risk factors and acute stroke, highlighting age-specific prevention priorities to reduce stroke burden globally.

Neurology news

Advances in Alzheimer’s Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review of CSF and Blood Biomarkers

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This article reviews a systematic meta-analysis of 15 cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease, highlighting robust diagnostic performance of core markers T-tau, P-tau, and Aβ42 in clinical practice and research.

Nephrology Neurology news

Assessing the Role of Kidney Function in Alzheimer’s Disease Blood Biomarker Interpretation and Amyloid-β Positivity Prediction

By MedXY 10/20/2025

Kidney function influences certain Alzheimer's disease blood biomarker levels but, within normal to mild impairment ranges, does not improve prediction of amyloid-β positivity, supporting the clinical utility of blood biomarkers in AD diagnosis regardless of renal status.

Internal Medicine Neurology news

Unraveling Blood-Based Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights from the Young Finns Study on Intergenerational and Metabolic Influences

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This cohort study from the Young Finns Study elucidates factors influencing blood-based biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting age, APOE ε4 genotype, kidney function, metabolic parameters, and notable intergenerational associations.

news Psychiatry Public Health

Global Trends and Method-Specific Suicide Mortality Among Older Adults: Insights and Projections to 2050

By MedXY 10/20/2025

A comprehensive study spanning 47 countries reveals changing suicide mortality rates among adults aged 65+, highlighting method-specific risks and projecting future trends amid global population ageing.

Neurology Public Health Specialties

Life Course Air Pollution Exposure Linked to Cognitive Decline and Brain Structural Changes in Older Adults

By MedXY 10/20/2025

A population-based study reveals that midlife exposure to air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter is associated with cognitive decline and brain structural alterations by age 69-71, highlighting long-term neurological risks of ambient air pollution.

Neurology news Public Health

Life Course Air Pollution Exposure and Cognitive Decline: Insights from the 1946 British Birth Cohort

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This population-based study reveals that midlife exposure to nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter correlates with poorer cognitive function and adverse brain structural changes in later life, underscoring the neurocognitive risks of air pollution.