news – Page 44 – Medxy AI

SGLT-2 Inhibitors and Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease Risk Reduction in Type 2 Diabetes: Insights from a Korean Nationwide Cohort

By MedXY 10/31/2025

A large South Korean cohort study suggests that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors reduce the incidence of autoimmune rheumatic diseases by 11% compared to sulfonylureas in adults with type 2 diabetes, indicating potential immunomodulatory benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors beyond glycemic control.

Diabetes & Endocrinology news Ophthalmology

Long-Term Progression and Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes: Insights from the Skaraborg Cohort in Sweden

By MedXY 10/31/2025

This cohort study tracks diabetic retinopathy incidence over 24 years in type 2 diabetes patients, highlighting the impact of glycemic control and hypertension on disease progression.

Infectious Diseases news Pediatrics

Optimizing Blood Culture Use in Pediatric Infections: Insights from the ACORN2 Surveillance Network in Africa and Asia

By MedXY 10/31/2025

This study identifies clinical and demographic factors associated with positive blood cultures in hospitalized children across nine African and Asian countries, aiming to improve diagnostic stewardship amidst resource constraints.

Hematology-Oncology news

CM313, a Novel Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody, Demonstrates Promising Efficacy and Safety in Persistent or Chronic Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia: Insights from a Phase 2 Randomized Trial

By MedXY 10/31/2025

The phase 2 trial shows that CM313 significantly improves platelet response rates and duration with manageable safety in adults with persistent or chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Cardiology news Public Health

Early Life Sugar Restriction and Its Lasting Impact on Adult Cardiovascular Health: Insights from a Natural Experiment

By MedXY 10/31/2025

Exposure to sugar rationing during the first 1000 days after conception correlates with significantly reduced cardiovascular disease risk and improved cardiac function decades later, highlighting early nutritional influences on long-term heart health.

Infectious Diseases news Pathology & Lab Medicine

Evaluating Self-Collected Urine and Vaginal Samples for HPV Genotyping in Cervical Cancer Screening Among Japanese Women

By MedXY 10/31/2025

This study assesses the feasibility and performance of using self-collected urine and vaginal samples with the BD Onclarity® HPV assay for cervical cancer screening in Japanese women with abnormal cytology, highlighting concordance and sensitivity metrics compared to clinician-collected cervical samples.

news OB/GYN & Women's Health Public Health

Long-Term Effectiveness of HPV Screen-and-Treat Strategy Versus Cytology in Cervical Cancer Screening: Insights from El Salvador’s CAPE Program

By MedXY 10/31/2025

A 5-year follow-up study in El Salvador demonstrates that primary HPV screen-and-treat significantly reduces CIN2+ detection and HPV positivity compared to cytology, supporting extended screening intervals in low-resource settings.

news Psychiatry Public Health

Understanding Sex- and Age-Specific Suicide Risk Indicators: Insights from a Large Swedish Case-Control Study

By MedXY 10/31/2025

This Swedish population-based study highlights how suicide risk indicators vary by sex and age, showing males and older adults exhibit fewer, but often higher absolute risk indicators, underscoring the need for tailored suicide prevention strategies.

Infectious Diseases news OB/GYN & Women's Health

Prophylactic Antibiotics in Episiotomy and Second Degree Tears: Insights from the REPAIR Trial

By MedXY 10/31/2025

The REPAIR study demonstrates that prophylactic antibiotics reduce clinically relevant wound complications after episiotomy or second degree tears, highlighting a potential role for antibiotics in postpartum care.

Diabetes & Endocrinology Internal Medicine news

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide, Semaglutide, and Liraglutide for Obesity Management: A Critical Review of Recent Cochrane Evidence

By MedXY 10/31/2025

This article critically compares the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide for the treatment of obesity based on recent Cochrane systematic reviews, highlighting differences in weight loss, adverse events, cardiovascular outcomes, and evidence certainty.

Neurology news Oncology

Patritumab Deruxtecan (HER3-DXd) Shows Promising Activity in Breast Cancer Patients with Active Brain Metastases: Insights from the TUXEDO-3 Phase 2 Trial

By MedXY 10/31/2025

The TUXEDO-3 trial demonstrates that patritumab deruxtecan, a HER3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate, offers clinical benefit and a manageable safety profile in metastatic breast cancer patients with active brain metastases.

news Nursing & care Orthopedics

Preventing Falls in Care Homes: What the 2025 Cochrane Review Now Recommends

By MedXY 10/31/2025

An evidence-based synthesis of the 2025 Cochrane review on fall-prevention in care facilities: which interventions work, for whom, and how to implement them in practice.

news OB/GYN & Women's Health Public Health

Review for Cervical Cancer Screening

By MedXY 10/31/2025

A comprehensive 2025 systematic review informing the Canadian Task Force finds cytology remains effective into the 60s, HPV-based strategies detect more precursors but increase colposcopy and false positives, and self-sampling improves uptake in underscreened people.

news Oncology Urology

European Prostate Cancer Screening After 23 Years: Sustained Mortality Reduction and Improved Harm-Benefit Profile

By MedXY 10/31/2025

The 23-year follow-up of the ERSPC confirms that PSA screening reduces prostate cancer mortality by 13%, with an improved harm-benefit ratio, supporting risk-based screening strategies to optimize outcomes.

Internal Medicine news Orthopedics Rehabilitation Medicine

Physical Therapy for Degenerative Meniscal Tear: No Added Benefit Over Home Exercise Alone in Knee Pain Management

By MedXY 10/31/2025

A randomized trial shows that physical therapy and text message reminders do not significantly improve knee pain outcomes beyond a simple home exercise program in patients aged 45-85 with degenerative meniscal tears.

Infectious Diseases news Public Health

Breakthrough in Enteric Fever Prevention: Efficacy and Safety of the Novel Salmonella Paratyphi A Vaccine CVD 1902

By MedXY 10/31/2025

A novel live attenuated oral vaccine, CVD 1902, shows 73% efficacy against Salmonella Paratyphi A infection in a controlled human challenge model, offering promising protection with a favorable safety profile.

news OB/GYN & Women's Health Oncology

Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Plus Pertuzumab: A Promising First-Line Therapy for HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer

By MedXY 10/31/2025

Trastuzumab deruxtecan combined with pertuzumab significantly improves progression-free survival over standard therapy in first-line HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, offering enhanced response duration with manageable safety.

Cardiology news

Aspirin Use in Chronic Coronary Syndrome Patients on Oral Anticoagulation: Balancing Risks and Benefits

By MedXY 10/31/2025

A randomized trial revealed that adding aspirin to oral anticoagulation in chronic coronary syndrome patients increases adverse cardiovascular events, mortality, and major bleeding, challenging conventional dual therapy approaches.

Cardiology news

Seven-Year Outcomes of TAVR vs. Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients: Insights from PARTNER 3

By MedXY 10/31/2025

At 7 years, transcatheter and surgical aortic valve replacement show comparable outcomes including survival, stroke, and valve durability among low-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis, affirming TAVR's long-term efficacy.