A Standardized RANO Resection Classification Links Supramaximal Surgery to Meaningful Survival Gains in IDH‑Mutant Grade 2 Glioma
An international retrospective cohort (n=1,391) validates a four‑tier RANO classification of residual T2‑FLAIR volume: supramaximal resection confers the largest survival benefit, with graded, durable advantages for maximal versus submaximal resections across IDH‑mutant astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma.