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Optimizing Immunotherapy in Cholangiocarcinoma: Low-Dose Chemotherapy as a Catalyst for Immune Microenvironment Remodeling
This review examines how low-dose gemcitabine and cisplatin (LDGC) synergize with anti-PD-L1 therapy in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by reprogramming immunosuppressive SPP1+ macrophages and enhancing CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity through STAT1/STAT3 modulation.