Infectious Diseases – Page 5

Long-Term Health Risks in HIV Patients with Immune Non-Response Despite Antiretroviral Therapy

By MedXY 10/22/2025

Immune non-response despite ART in people with HIV significantly increases risk of both AIDS-defining and non-AIDS-defining comorbidities, underscoring the need for enhanced risk assessment beyond CD4+ T-cell counts.

Infectious Diseases Public Health Specialties

Unmasking the Silent Spread: Screening Asymptomatic Tuberculosis in Household Contacts in South Africa

By MedXY 10/22/2025

This study reveals that over 80% of tuberculosis cases among South African household contacts are asymptomatic and often missed by symptom and chest X-ray screening, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic strategies to detect subclinical TB.

Infectious Diseases news Pediatrics

Outpatient Versus Inpatient Care for Young Infants with Single Low-Risk PSBI Signs: Insights from a Multicentre Trial in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

By MedXY 10/22/2025

A randomized trial found outpatient treatment of young infants with a single low-mortality-risk sign of possible serious bacterial infection is non-inferior to inpatient care, with lower mortality rates and comparable safety.

Infectious Diseases news Pediatrics

Optimizing Antibiotic Duration in Young Infants with Possible Serious Bacterial Infection: A Landmark Multicountry RCT

By MedXY 10/22/2025

This multicountry trial demonstrates that early switch from injectable to oral antibiotics with early discharge in young infants with moderate-risk serious bacterial infections is safe and effective, with potential to optimize healthcare resources and reduce hospital stays.

HIV/AIDS Infectious Diseases Specialties

Understanding Motivations and Barriers in Donation-Based HIV/STI Interventions: Insights from a Systematic Review

By MedXY 10/22/2025

This review synthesizes motivations, facilitators, and barriers of donation-based interventions in HIV/STI research, revealing key factors that enhance access to services through prosocial behaviors in diverse global settings.

Infectious Diseases Neurology Otorhinolaryngology Specialties

Persistent Olfactory Dysfunction Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Insights from the RECOVER Adult Cohort

By MedXY 10/22/2025

A large prospective study demonstrates that olfactory dysfunction is prevalent and often clinically unrecognized long after SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting the value of formal smell testing in patient care and cognitive risk assessment.

HIV/AIDS Infectious Diseases Public Health Specialties

HIV Among Older Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: Epidemiology, Risks, and Treatment Insights from the AWI-Gen Longitudinal Study

By MedXY 10/20/2025

This multicentre longitudinal cohort study reveals significant HIV prevalence and incidence among adults aged 40 and older in sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting age, gender, education, and rural residency as critical factors influencing HIV risk and treatment outcomes.

Infectious Diseases Neurology news

Emerging Threat: Active West Nile Virus Transmission in Brazil Reveals Critical Public Health Challenge

By MedXY 10/18/2025

Recent evidence confirms active West Nile virus transmission across Brazil with significant neurological impact and fatalities, emphasizing the need for enhanced surveillance and public health action in South America.

Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases news

Evaluating the Necessity of Live Microbes in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for C. difficile Recurrence: Insights from a Non-Inferiority Trial

By MedXY 10/18/2025

This study investigates whether sterile lyophilised fecal filtrate is as effective as traditional donor stool in preventing recurrent C. difficile infection, highlighting the importance of live microbes in treatment efficacy.

General Surgery Infectious Diseases Specialties

Evaluating the Impact of a Perioperative Care Bundle on Surgical Site Infection Prevention After Abdominal Surgery: Insights from the EPO2CH Trial

By MedXY 10/18/2025

This comprehensive review explores the EPO2CH trial, which assessed a multi-component care bundle's effectiveness in reducing surgical site infections after abdominal surgery, highlighting key findings, limitations, and clinical implications.

Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine news

Deciphering the Impact of Resistance Genes on Antibiotic Efficacy in E. coli: Insights from a Comprehensive Study

By MedXY 10/18/2025

This study quantifies how specific resistance genes influence minimum inhibitory concentrations in E. coli, enhancing prediction accuracy for antibiotic resistance.

Hematology-Oncology Infectious Diseases news

Decoding Epstein-Barr Virus Genomic Alterations: Implications for Human Malignancies and Disease Pathogenesis

By MedXY 10/14/2025

A comprehensive genomic analysis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reveals distinct single nucleotide and structural variations linked to various human diseases, especially hematological malignancies, highlighting viral mechanisms underlying pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases news

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Reveals No Increased Risk

By MedXY 10/11/2025

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials finds no significant association between proton pump inhibitor use and increased risk of Clostridioides difficile infection, challenging earlier observational data and supporting their safety in clinical practice when appropriately prescribed.

Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases news

Optimizing Encapsulated Faecal Microbiota Transplantation for Clostridioides difficile Infection: Empirical Donor Selection and Two-Dose Regimen Enhance Cure Rates

By MedXY 10/09/2025

This study demonstrates that empirical donor exclusion combined with a two-dose capsule regimen significantly improves cure rates in Clostridioides difficile infection treated with encapsulated faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).

Infectious Diseases news Pediatrics

Evaluating the Incremental Benefit of Two Versus One Dose of Influenza Vaccine in Influenza-Naive Children Under Nine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

By MedXY 10/04/2025

This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the additional protection from a second dose of influenza vaccine in vaccine-naive children under nine years old, highlighting significant benefits particularly for those under three years.

AI Dermatology Infectious Diseases news Specialties

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Diagnosing Sexually Transmitted Infections and Anogenital Dermatoses: Insights from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

By MedXY 10/04/2025

AI demonstrates high accuracy in identifying mpox and other anogenital conditions from clinical images, yet significant research gaps and validation needs remain before clinical adoption.

Infectious Diseases news Respiratory

Three-Season Protection Against RSV in Older Adults: Insights from the AReSVi-006 Phase 3 Trial of the AS01E-Adjuvanted RSVPreF3 OA Vaccine

By MedXY 10/04/2025

The AS01E-adjuvanted RSVPreF3 OA vaccine demonstrates robust efficacy against RSV-related lower respiratory tract disease over three seasons in adults aged 60+, with a favorable safety profile and promising immunogenicity findings.

Infectious Diseases news Respiratory Specialties

Evaluating the Safety and Immunogenicity of the Adjuvanted RSVPreF3 Vaccine in High-Risk Transplant Recipients: A Critical Analysis of an Interventional Cohort Study

By MedXY 10/04/2025

This study assesses the safety and immune response of an adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccine in adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell and lung transplant recipients, highlighting modest antibody responses but robust CD4+ T-cell activation, supporting vaccination benefits amidst immunocompromised risks.

Cardiology Infectious Diseases news

Evaluating Cardiovascular-Focused Messaging to Enhance Influenza Vaccination Uptake in Diverse U.S. Populations

By MedXY 10/03/2025

A large randomized trial in the U.S. found no significant improvement in influenza vaccination rates with cardiovascular-focused messaging compared to usual care, despite prior positive findings in Denmark.

Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases news Pediatrics

Revisiting Rehydration Strategies in Severe Acute Malnutrition with Gastroenteritis: Intravenous Versus Oral Approaches

By MedXY 10/03/2025

A recent trial assessing intravenous versus oral rehydration in children with severe acute malnutrition and gastroenteritis found no mortality difference at 96 hours, challenging fears of fluid overload and supporting cautious consideration of intravenous therapy.