Precision Immunotherapy for Sepsis: ImmunoSep Trial Shows Early Organ‑Function Benefit with Targeted Anakinra or IFN‑γ
Posted inCritical Care Infectious Diseases news

Precision Immunotherapy for Sepsis: ImmunoSep Trial Shows Early Organ‑Function Benefit with Targeted Anakinra or IFN‑γ

The ImmunoSep randomized trial found that biomarker-guided immunotherapy (anakinra for macrophage activation‑like syndrome; interferon‑γ for sepsis‑induced immunoparalysis) improved organ dysfunction by day 9 versus placebo, though 28‑day mortality was unchanged. Safety signals require follow‑up.
Novel Type 1 and Type 3 Live Attenuated Oral Poliovirus Vaccines Show Comparable Safety, Immunogenicity, and Shedding to Sabin mOPV in First‑in‑Human Phase 1 Trial
Posted inInfectious Diseases news Public Health

Novel Type 1 and Type 3 Live Attenuated Oral Poliovirus Vaccines Show Comparable Safety, Immunogenicity, and Shedding to Sabin mOPV in First‑in‑Human Phase 1 Trial

A multicentre phase 1 trial in healthy US adults found nOPV1 and nOPV3 were well tolerated and induced robust homotypic neutralising antibody responses with shedding profiles similar to Sabin monovalent OPV, supporting progression to phase 2 studies.
High Viral Suppression with TLD in PEPFAR Programs — But Resistance and Adherence Signals Require Targeted Action
Posted inHIV/AIDS Infectious Diseases news

High Viral Suppression with TLD in PEPFAR Programs — But Resistance and Adherence Signals Require Targeted Action

A multinational prospective cohort found high viral suppression after switching or initiating tenofovir–lamivudine–dolutegravir (TLD), but emergent dolutegravir-resistance was detected in a small subgroup with prior virological failure and poor adherence, highlighting the need for monitoring and adherence support.
Daily High‑Dose Mosnodenvir Significantly Lowers DENV‑3 Viremia in a Human Challenge — Proof‑of‑Concept with Early Resistance Signals
Posted inInfectious Diseases news Public Health

Daily High‑Dose Mosnodenvir Significantly Lowers DENV‑3 Viremia in a Human Challenge — Proof‑of‑Concept with Early Resistance Signals

In a phase 2a human challenge, high‑dose daily mosnodenvir substantially reduced DENV‑3 RNA burden versus placebo without serious adverse events, but treatment‑associated NS4B viral mutations emerged, highlighting efficacy and resistance concerns that require larger field studies.
Routine 5–7 Day Antibiotic Prophylaxis After Upper GI Bleeding in Cirrhosis: New Meta-analysis Questions the Mortality Benefit
Posted inGastroenterology Infectious Diseases news

Routine 5–7 Day Antibiotic Prophylaxis After Upper GI Bleeding in Cirrhosis: New Meta-analysis Questions the Mortality Benefit

A 2025 bayesian meta-analysis of 14 RCTs (n=1,322) found shorter or no antibiotic prophylaxis after upper GI bleeding in cirrhosis was highly likely to be noninferior for mortality, though it increased reported bacterial infections. Study limitations temper definitive practice change.
Single-dose Cervarix induces durable seropositivity but fails HPV‑16 GMC non-inferiority versus three-dose Gardasil-4: implications from the PRIMAVERA immunobridging trial
Posted inInfectious Diseases news Public Health

Single-dose Cervarix induces durable seropositivity but fails HPV‑16 GMC non-inferiority versus three-dose Gardasil-4: implications from the PRIMAVERA immunobridging trial

PRIMAVERA immunobridging shows single-dose Cervarix induces near-universal seropositivity at 36 months and non-inferior HPV-18 antibodies versus three-dose Gardasil-4, but HPV-16 antibody GMCs were lower; results inform but do not yet support regulatory single-dose approval.
Bivalent RSV pre‑F Vaccine Dramatically Reduces RSV‑Associated Hospitalisations and Chronic‑Disease Exacerbations in Adults Aged 75–79 Years
Posted inInfectious Diseases news Respiratory

Bivalent RSV pre‑F Vaccine Dramatically Reduces RSV‑Associated Hospitalisations and Chronic‑Disease Exacerbations in Adults Aged 75–79 Years

In a multicentre test‑negative study of 1006 adults aged 75–79 in England, a bivalent RSV pre‑F vaccine reduced RSV‑associated hospitalisation by 82% overall and protected against severe disease and exacerbations of chronic heart and lung disease, including in immunosuppressed patients.
Three-Month Clofazimine–Rifapentine Regimen for Drug‑Susceptible TB Failed to Improve Outcomes and Raised Safety Concerns: Lessons from Clo‑Fast (Phase 2c)
Posted inInfectious Diseases news Respiratory

Three-Month Clofazimine–Rifapentine Regimen for Drug‑Susceptible TB Failed to Improve Outcomes and Raised Safety Concerns: Lessons from Clo‑Fast (Phase 2c)

The Clo‑Fast phase 2c trial tested a 3‑month rifapentine‑clofazimine regimen versus standard 6‑month therapy for drug‑susceptible pulmonary TB. Culture conversion at 12 weeks was similar, but shorter therapy had higher grade ≥3 adverse events and worse 65‑week composite clinical outcomes, leading to early termination.
Orodispersible Ivermectin and Moxidectin–Albendazole Combinations Deliver Major Gains Against Trichuris trichiura in Children: Dose‑response, Safety, and Programmatic Implications
Posted inInfectious Diseases news Pediatrics

Orodispersible Ivermectin and Moxidectin–Albendazole Combinations Deliver Major Gains Against Trichuris trichiura in Children: Dose‑response, Safety, and Programmatic Implications

Two randomized trials from Pemba Island show orodispersible ivermectin–albendazole yields dose‑dependent high cure rates in preschool children, and moxidectin–albendazole is superior to albendazole alone in school‑aged children, both with acceptable safety.
Human Monoclonal Antibody MAM01 for Malaria Prevention: Phase 1 Trial Insights and Context in Antimalarial Monoclonal Antibody Development
Posted inClinical Updates Infectious Diseases news Public Health

Human Monoclonal Antibody MAM01 for Malaria Prevention: Phase 1 Trial Insights and Context in Antimalarial Monoclonal Antibody Development

This review synthesizes evidence on MAM01, a monoclonal antibody targeting Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein, summarizing its first-in-human phase 1 trial demonstrating safety and protective efficacy, alongside contextual advances in monoclonal antibody-based malaria prevention.